Longing to Belong

In 2018, I posted musings on observing believers as they came forward in the communion procession to receive the Body and Blood of Christ.  Recently, I returned to in-person worship after a long pandemic-induced hiatus.  I returned, also, to watching others as they received communion.

A parent came forward to the priest, hands extended.  Immediately in front of this parent, a boy, perhaps three years old, mimicked his father’s gesture.  The priest placed the bread in the father’s hand and, noticing the small child, offered him a blessing.  The boy’s face fell when he realized that he was not going to receive communion.  Sadly, he permitted his father to guide him back to their seats.

Setting aside questions about the appropriate age for First Communion, I want to focus here on the native human longing to be like others, to be a part of what others are a part of.  Later in his life, of course, this young boy may face peer pressure to engage in unhealthy / unwise activities in order to have a feeling of belonging.  At this Mass, however, this young boy’s yearning is something that will someday be taken up into the order of grace.  As the Catechism of the Catholic Church reminds us, “the liturgy of the Church presupposes, integrates and sanctifies elements from creation and human culture, conferring on them the dignity of signs of grace, of the new creation in Jesus Christ” (#1149).  One could point right away to the bread and wine, the wheat and grapes, that the church consecrates at Mass.  This bread and wine is aimed at a corresponding human longing for food and drink, of course, but this longing is not merely for intake of nutrients.  It is a longing to dine *with.*  This human longing to dine *with* finds realization in the sacrament where we companion (com / with – pan / bread) each other and God companions us.

Timothy Brunk

Dr. Timothy Brunk is Associate Professor of Liturgical and Sacramental Theology in the Department of Theology and Religious Studies at Villanova University.  He holds a doctorate from Marquette University, a Master of Arts degree in pastoral studies from Seattle University, a Master of Arts in theology from Boston College, and a Bachelor’s degree from Amherst College.  He is the author of fifteen journal articles and two books, including The Sacraments and Consumer Culture (Liturgical Press, 2020), which the Catholic Media Association recognized at its annual meeting as the first-place winner in the category of books on the sacraments.

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Comments

12 responses to “Longing to Belong”

  1. Fr. Jack Feehily

    I notice two types of children in the communion procession. The larger number includes those who appear to have been instructed by their parents how to approach the minister of Holy Communion ready to receive a blessing. A smaller number, however, includes little children who appear shocked or crestfallen when they realize they are not going to be offered the sacrament. My own practice is to smile as I confer a simple blessing and whisper “come back when you are seven”. My question is this: We confer baptism on children who have no cognitive awareness that they are being born again and becoming a new creation. By what logic do we not make provision for younger children who genuinely approach Holy Communion with a desire to belong and to be included? I think its something that needs to be reassessed. “Let the little children come unto me”. “Unless you become like a little child you cannot enter the kingdom of heaven.”

  2. Karl Liam Saur

    Quam Singulari from 1910 offers some background for Pius X’s might be called smaller sacramental revolution in this matter (with might be called his larger sacramental revolution on frequent communion coming in Sacra Tridentina in 1905):

    https://www.papalencyclicals.net/pius10/p10quam.htm

  3. Jeff Armbruster

    Yes, we do have an inborn inclination to search out grace. But, we need to come of age to understand at least something of what we are choosing. A child’s imitation of her father’s gestures isn’t the same thing as acting as a rational, (semi!) free person. The three year old had no understanding of what was occurring. Receiving the bread would have essentially been meaningless to the child. (This gets into whether receiving the Eucharist is a one or two sided affair…).

    And yes, Christ’s blessing is on those with no hope for cognitive awareness. It’s an interesting question. Why not infants and very young children? Possibly because we expect them to mature into beings who are capable to decide, one way or the other, on the matter themselves.

    1. John Kohanski

      I am wondering what posters here think about the children who belong to Eastern Catholic or Orthodox Churches who receive Holy Communion at the time of their baptism and chrismation (and going forward)? Is their initiation and on-going reception meaningless? Flipping the coin, does the baptism of infants into the Roman Church have any meaning since they cannot decide or act as rational free persons? This discussion sounds like it’s moving dangerously close to advocating an odd combination of ‘praestantia ritus latini’ of Benedict XIV and anabaptistism.

      1. Ann Riggs

        Yes, to the “and going forward?” part.

        The first Eastern Catholic liturgy I ever attended was at a Coptic Catholic parish in Toronto/Mississauga, Ontario. I knew Eastern Churches of all stripes fully initiated their infants, but that was the first time I’d witnessed very young children actually receiving Communion, and I was surprised at what a delightful sight it was to me.

        I now get to witness it every Sunday at the Melkite parish I attend. ISTM also that the behavior of young children there is more willingly accepted. They are free to walk around the church during Divine Liturgy (under supervision, of course), get lifted up to help light candles; also to see, touch, and even kiss the icons. After all, they are fully initiated members with us! They receive Communion whenever their caregivers bring them.

        The older tots generally love walking in the line to receive Communion with their parents (or grandparents, or whomever). We get to see that joy of belonging of which Tim writes. I can also add, that joy is mutual. Like a child’s knowledge of parental love, our richest knowledge of sacraments comes from being immersed in them and finding them full of love and joy. We wouldn’t think of withholding parental care until a child has an intellectual grasp of its characteristics. I would think that sacramental immersion is likewise most effective when done early and often.

  4. Roy Eco

    Granted that the US bishops can agree on the appropriate age for Confirmation, why not celebrate the sacraments of initiation, Confirmation and the Eucharist, at the same time? Assumingly, they are older, and at least capable to understand the deeper and richer meaning of sacraments.

  5. Stephanie Wong

    My kids know they won’t receive Eucharist till they are older, but they still come up hoping the lay Eucharistic minister or priest will bless them… and are disappointed when sometimes thee priest doesn’t and just ignores them to give Communion to the next person in line. I admit I am not sure why some churches bless the children and others don’t, since it seems to vary…

  6. Probably a good thing I’m not a minister of the Eucharist. I’d be tempted to pause distribution and ask the child’s father, regardless of the age of his son. The Orthodox likely have a clearer view on this. The sacramental economy is grounded in grace more than in intellectual perception. The “excommunication” of young children has a taint of pelagianism about it. Well-intentioned, I’m sure. But not entirely satisfactory.

    1. Jeff Armbruster

      So…infants and toddlers, yes; Lutherans…no?

      1. I don’t have a problem with a non-Catholic Christian presenting herself or himself for the Eucharist, with the assumption they possess a unity of belief in the sacrament. Likely another reason I’m also glad I’m not an EM; I wouldn’t quiz people on their possible Lutheran-ness.

  7. Jeff Armbruster

    John, good questions. Of course the baptism of infants has meaning for the Church and the parents. And for the infant! But the infant is unaware of this meaning. In a similar way, an infant has rights of citizenship, but obviously is unaware of them.
    A certain level of age, understanding and awareness is presupposed in the words of the Catechism quoted above.
    I’m merely trying to understand the official position of the Roman Church on this. Hazarding a guess. I don’t think the Church is risking heresy in its position. Perhaps you have a better explanation? (that’s not a rhetorical question!)

  8. Anthony Hawkins

    I recall a couple saying their three year old was convinced that what was distributed was pieces of white chocolate, and the parents could not persuade them otherwise.


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